Sunday, May 2, 2021

passing package for sslc

                 

GOVERNMENT OF KARNATAKA

D.D.P.I OFFICE YADGIR                                                 

“A PASSING   PACKAGE  FOR   S.S.L.C”

                                                      YEAR 2016-17

SUB: SECOND LANGUAGE (ENGLISH)

“READ AND WRITE WELL, RING THE SUCCESS BELL”

CONCEPT BY:       SRI  N.KENCHE GOWDA

                                    DDPI,   YADAGIR.

GUIDED BY:    1)  SRI  T.RAMALINGAPPA

                                    SI  DDPI OFFICE,  YADAGIR

                             2) SRI  BASANA GOWDA 

                                    H.M   GHS   HONAGERA  

PREPARED  BY : 

1. Shree. UMESH NARAGUND  , Govt p.u.college (highschool section ) Yergol tq-Yadgir  mobile no.9980388267

2. Shree. ERAYYA  .HIREMATH , Govt Boys highschool Shahapur tq-Shahapur  M.No. 9880839996

3. Shree . DUNDAPPA . TALAWAR , Ghs  Malla (B) tq Surpur  M.no 9611363608

4. Shree  MLAKANNA  .MASSHANALLI , Ghs Rangapeth tq – surpur mob no 7406764621

FOREWORD

                              “ FAILURE IS THE FIRST STEP OF SUCCESS”

I feel privileged to express few words about the sslc passing package prepared by resource persons of  Yadgir teachers. This academic year is witnessing a drastic change in the role of teacher in the class transaction and the student as well .so prime need of the day  is to equip the pupil with this package .

I have noticed plenty of unique features in this package .it is specially prepared for the below  average  students . so its my humble request  to all the teachers and the students to practice this package .

In my view this package brings good result to the students and teachers in the district . so  I hope you meet the success .

Shri. N.Kenchegoud

                                                                                                             D.D.P.I. Yadgir

CONTENT 


Poetry 

1. Grandma Climbes A Tree

2. Jazz Poem Two 

3. Quote from memory .                                                                                   A).Balled of the tempest .                                                                                          B) The Blind Boy 

4. Reference to context . A) Quality of mercy

5. Two marks questions .                                                                                                     1) Laugh and be merry .                                                                                       2)Off to outerspace tomorrow morning

 

prose 

1. 4 marks questions .                                                                                                    1) A hero .                                                                                                                       2) Colours of silence

2. Reference to the context.                                                                                        A). There’s a girl by tracks                                                                                      B). The bird of happiness                                                                      C).Discovery

3. Two marks questions .                                                                          A).Gentleman of rio en medio.                                                                              B). The concert .                                                                                                           C). Science and hope of survival

 

 Supplementary Reading 

1. On the top of the world 

2. A great martyr ever cherished

  Vocabulary 

1. Collocations 

2. Jumbled letters 

3. Syllabications 

4. Prefixes 

5. Antonyms 

6. Give one words

  Writing 

1. Letter writing 

2. Profile writing

   Reference skill 

1. Dictionary 

2. Reference sources 

3. Coding and decoding sms 

    Grammar 

1. Active voice and passive voice 

2. Tag questions  and frame questions 

3. Finite and non finite verbs 

4. Reported speech 

5. Articles and prepositions   

                   POETRY SECTION

                                          FOR FOUR MARKS

Poem No. 01: Grandma Climbs a Tree. 

Key points ;

The poem was written by Ruskin Bond ,here he expressed about his grandma.

Grandma was a genius because she could climb trees and be up in their branches at the age of 62 in trice.

As years she would be told not to climb trees but she woud  laugh and tell to do it better now.

When she had terrible fall,she was advised to take a week bed rest which was like a brief season in hell.

When she wanted house on tree top . her son knew his duties he soon finished  the chore.

                     OR

Poem  05 : Jazz Poem Two

The poem was written by Carl wendall Hines,Jr

The old jazz musician had a message for the people of the world 

  He is a pathetic figure like Mariner and he wanted to show his blackness to the world through his music 

He was described wrinkled old face turned downward with wearies,closed eyes,frayed collar ,old shirt turn  dark with sweat ,old jacket with sagging stomach,run-down shoes,unshaven face.

He wore alto saxophone to tell that he was black man that he was sent to preach the Black Gospel of Jazz.




                           POEM FOR MEMORISATION                                                                    

                                       FOR FOUR MARKS

01 : Balled Of The Tempest      

We were crowded in the cabin ,                

Not a soul would dare to sleep,

It was midnight on the waters,

And a storm was on the deep.


‘Tis a fearful thing in winter 

To be shattered by the blast 

And to hear the rattling trumpet,

Thunder ,”Cut away the mast”


So we shuddered there in silence ,

For the stoutest held his breath,

While the hungry sea was roaring 

And the breakers talked with death.


As thus we sat in darkness ,  

Each one busy with his prayers,

“we are lost’’ the captain shouted,                                                                                    As he staggered down the stairs.

But his  little daughter whispered `        Then we kissed the little maiden 

As she took his icy hand ,                            And we spake in better cheer,

“Isn’t God upon the ocean ,                        And achored safe in harbour

Just the same as on the land ?”.                When the morn was shining clear.


.                                     OR

       POEM :07  The Blind Boy 

O say what is that thing called light 

Which I must ne’er enjoy

What are the blessings of the sight 

O tell your poor blind boy


You talk of wondrous things you see

You say the sun shines bright;

I feel him warm ,but how can he 

Or make it day or night ?


My day or night myself I make ,

Whenev’r I sleep or play 

And could I ever awake 

With me ‘twere always day.


With heavy sighs I often hear 

You mourn my hapless woe;

But sure with patience I can bear 

A loss I ne’er can know 

Then let not what I cannot have 

My cheer of mind destroy 

Whilst thus I sing ,I am king 

Although a poor blind boy . 

                                     FOR THREE MARKS

Reference Context :  Quality of Mercy.         

01 “ It droppeth as gentle rain from heaven.

       Upon the place beneath. It is twice blest”.

a. What is compared the gentle rain from heaven?

b. Why does the speaker feel it is twice blest ?

c. What is the figure of speech used here ?

Ans:  a. mercy . b. because it blesses him that gives and him that takes.    

c. simile

02. “His sceptre shows the force of temperal power”

 a. What does temporal power mean ?

  b. What does the sceptre create in mind of the people ?

  c.  What quality does mercy stand for in contrast to temporal power ?.

Ans:  a) worldly power b) dread and fear of king c)  God’s power. 

                

                             FOR TWO MARKS 


Laugh and Be Merry 

Laugh and be merry because life is brief 

God made earth and heaven for joy 

Life like splendid joy of the stars 

We should be proud about old pageant of the man 

Laugh and be merry together alike brother akin .


Off to Outer space Tomorrow Morning

The poet expressed the experiences of outer space

There would be no calendar, no clock, because day light would be on 

There would be no writing a letters, posting mails and no visiting friend because off to outer space .

He would be centre of gravity and tea cup circle around him like planets rounds the Sun .

Rocket thrust him across galaxies ,there would be twenty hundred light year for first stop.  


                                         PROSE SECTION

                                       FOR FOUR MARKS

                                       A HERO

Swami’s father read about the bravery of a boy in news paper. Swami replied that he must be very strong and grown up.

His father challenged him to sleep in the office to prove his courage. But swami tried to change the subject with talking about  new bat and  ball.

When matter out of control, he told  to sleep next month and  room was dusty.

Granny told not to disturb him ,because he was sleeping beside her.

In the room at night ,silence deepened, his heart beat faster, where as he remembered all devil and ghost stories .

As he was fear ,went under the bench feeling much safer place, compact, and reassuring  after that he has bitten something went forth agonized, thundering cry. In movement father , cook and a servant came in carrying light fell on burglar.

Congratulation showered on him, his classmates looked at with respect, teacher patted his back, and headmaster told he was true scout because he had bitten into the flesh of the most notorious house-breakers of the district and the police were grateful to him for it. 

                              Or

                Colours of silence

Satish met an accident when he went hiking with his father and brother. they were crossing the rickety bridge, the boy looked down  at swirling water. Just then his feet slipped losing his balance and fell into rapid.

His legs were plastered ,his head hurt badly, he was bruised and aching all over then he had problem in ear.

Due to frequent absent ,the head master told Avtar Narain that he could not keep him.

Satish did not  want to go new school, because he could talk with others  and they would make fun on him

His father and brother Inder spent time with  him, talking to him.his father gave armful books like “life of Garibaldi”,the works of Munsi Premchand and Sarat Chandra etc.

When he was confined to bed, all he could do was sit and stare at window.

Once he saw a bird .it had longish tail and a blank crest and its restless energy ,eyes kept darting here and there.

Now Satish gujral is among the foremost artist of India.he accomplished in painting, sculpture, and architecture. also writer.

                     Three  marks questions   

                                  (Reference to context)

There’s Girl By Tracks  

1. Oh,I couldn’t thank him .                                                                                                  a) who is the speaker ?                                                                                             b)why couldn’t thank him ?.                                                                                                                 c) what does it reveal about the speaker ?                                                                          ans  a) Baleshwar b)because he was busy in her treatment c) kindness 

2. “Let’s go and help her “                                                                                                      a)who did the speaker shout this at ?                                                                       b)why did the speaker want help her ?                                                                                        c) what was the reply from others ?                                                                                                         ans  a) passangers/people b) she was by the tracks c) they were afraid of involving

3. “ I hope , I am not too late”                                                                                               a) who does ‘I’ refer to ?                                                                                             b)why did the speaker feel so ?                                                                                         c) where was he going early ?                                                                                                                   ans a) Baleshwar b) he was so far away c) he was going to the tracks where the girl had fallen

4. “I am new to Mumbai “.                                                                                               a) who said this ?                                                                                                                          b)when was this said?                                                                                                                       c)why was the speaker new to Mumbai ?                                                           ans a) Baleshwar b)when Roma was thanking him .c) because he was from U.P. came for job   

The Bird Of  Happiness

1. “Will I ever make it ?. Had I better turn back now ?”.                                                        a) Who quoted this questions ? .                                                                                  b) What made him think so ?                                                                                                   c) Did he turn back ?                                                                                                        Ans . a) Wangjia b) the first monster punishment  c) No because of his people    

2. “ You must be dreaming “                                                                                        a) who does ‘you’ refer to ?                                                                                           b) who is the speaker ?                                                                                                  c) why did the speaker  say so ?                                                                                 Ans .a) the third monster b) Wangjia c) because he told to bringBhima’s  eye ball


3. “ What is it that you want ?”                                                                                          a) who asked this question ?                                                                                         b) when was this said ?                                                                                                                 c) what was the reply ?                                                                                                           Ans .a) the bird of happiness b) when Wangjia reached the bird                              c) warmth and happiness  

Discovery 

1. “Mutiny is an ugly word ,sir”                                                                           a)whose words are these ?                                                                                      b) What does mutiny mean ?                                                                                      c) When did the speaker say so ?.                                                                                     Ans a) Diego b)rebel or revolt c)when Pedro said about entertaining thoughts

2. “A good sailor  know his place “                                                                                a) Who is the speaker?                                                                                                 b ) Who is this said to ?                                                                                                c)  What did the speaker want to remind ?                                                                        Ans. a)Columbus b)Diego c)to tell the proper work place

3. “Discipline knows no buts”                                                                                      a) Whose words are these ?                                                                                        b) When did the speaker say so ?                                                                                c)What does the statement mean ?                                                                                 Ans a)Columbus b)when Francisco answering said but c)disciplined person never say but only works 

4. “Dark deeds are better done in the dark”.                                                                    a) Who said this  ?.                                                                                                                  b) Why was the speaker said this   ?.                                                                                     c) What does the statement mean  ?                                                                            Ans a) Columbus b)When Guillermo told to wait for tomorrow ? c)works are done in the right time 

For two marks questions

Gentleman of Rio En Medio 

  Don Anselmo appearance and manners 

He wore an old , green faded coat 

His gloves  too old and torn his fingers tips showed through them 

The cane he carried was the skeleton of worn out umbrella 

  Americans  complaint and Anselmo’s reply 

The children of the village were running all over the their property 

They came every day , played under the trees ,built the fences around them and spent the most of their  time

Anselmo reply was that he was not sold the trees but only property 

   Don Anselmo ,a man of principle 

Refused to take double amount by Americans 

He stood by his words 

    Americans offering more money 

The buyers surveyed the land , it was found that owned eight more acres . so they offered 2400 dollars

The concert 

    Anant , a talented boy: 

He was table tennis player 

He was fastest runner and learning to play sitar 

Able to compose his tunes to the astonishment of his guru .

    Smita’s help to her brother: 

Smita’s plan was to request Pandit Ravi Shankar as to play for her brothr 

She was success in her effort 

     Appreciation about Ravi Shankar :

Pandit  Ravi Shankar being a great sitar player came to Smita’s  house with Ustad Allah Rakha to play the sitar for her brother , Anant . 

These qualities were appreciable to the readers

     Smita’s exciting in reading news paper: 

She read the news that Pandit Ravi Shankar was going to play sitar at Shanmukhananda auditorium the next day 

Her mother cautioned her to be quite because her brother was sick

 Science and Hope of Survival  

      Super powers meeting in Geneva:

The three super power countries , the U.K, The USSR, and the USA wanted to come an agreement putting ban to the nuclear test.

      Technical experts summon: 

Nuclear powers wanted to sign an agreement to stop the test to make new nuclear weapons ,

there was possibility that one of the participants  could secretly make an underground nuclear explosion

The problem was how other powers could detect this violation . 

                                             SUPPLEMENTARY SECTION   

                                                           FOR TWO MARKS                     

 On Top of  World

Dickey dolma was born and brought up in Palchan(Himachal Pradesh)

When  she was 11 years, she lost her mother and elder brother.

It was not difficult her to climb Mt.Everest because she had been fascinated and beautiful peaks were surrounded her home.

She climbed Mt.Everest on May10,1993.and became the youngest  woman in the world to reach the feat at the age of 19.

Her headache was her financial situation because her father was bedridden and needed much money for his treatment

                                    AND 

  A Great  Martyr Ever Cherished

Lieutenant Hanifuddin  was  25 years old martyr.

He had battle with hardship from   a tender age. Because he lost his father when he was 8 years old.Hanif’s mother Hema  Aziz , a vocal artiste travelled with the performance wing of the information  and Broadacasting Ministry.

His elder brother Nafisuddin was a teacher at JD Tyler school. His younger brother took to composing music on casio. Often he supported him with on drums.

An introvert , Hanif  began to make friends only by the time he was 14 years.

His happiness was to help to people. As per 77 years old gentleman he had approached with some queries about Sufism.

He was ekdam bindas , he dabbled in art ,sketched very well, made beautiful cards from waste material and loved playing drums.    

Vocabulary:

Q:I: Collocation;

A  sequence  of words or terms that co-occur more often than would be expected by chance.

E.g. 

A B

1. Curly (face, eyes, hair, lips) 

2. Chubby (cheeks, chin, eyes ,teeth)

3. fast (tea. Bus, plane, train)

4. earth (soil, land, quake,water)

5. table (salt, sugar, man, stick)

Q:II: Scrambled letters:

a) Aeltr b) nomuntai c) ciensec d) nocretc e) boudt f) ragtedy.

Ans: a) Alert,   b) Mountain  c) Science  d) Concert  e) doubt  f) tragedy

        Q:III: Syllabification:

Mono syllable disyllable trisyllable poly syllable

1. School table examine education

2. Free ago entertain philosophy

3. Who ` super terminate psychology

4. Take work out conductor simplification

5. Hit awake India entertainment

Q:IV: Prefixes: ( un,  in,  mis,  dis, ir, il, anti, non, ab)

1. Fortunate X unfortunate

2. Correct X incorrect

3. Fortune X misfortune

4. Respect X disrespect

5. Regular X irregular

6. Legal X illegal

7. Sceptic X anti-sceptic

8. Veg X non-veg

9. Normal X abnormal

10. Moral X immoral

 Q:V: Give one words

1. Say something not clearly enough. (mumble)

2. A person who enters a building in order to steal. (burglar)

3. One who travels to work place daily. (commuter)

4. Someone whose job is to look after a school or a building.(Janitor)

5. An area of small loose stones ,especially on a mountain.(scree)

6. A person who is especially good at some art or achievement.(wizard)

7. High deck at the end of a ship. (poop)

8. Art of making figures in stone,wood,metal,etc (sculpture).

9. A word with the first letters of the name of an orgnisation.(acronym)

10. A decorated rod carried by a king  as symbol of power. (sceptre).                                                                                                                                              


                        WRITING SECTION

FORMAT OF PERSONAL LETTER

                                                                                                                       From

                                                                                …………

                                      …………

……….. Date…..

My dear…….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Convey my regards to all 

Yours loving………

      OR      Format of Official letter               

  From

  ……….

  …………

  …………

  Date…

 To,

 ……….

 ………

 ………

 Sub: for……..

 Respected sir,

          ……………………………………………………………………………………….. …..

  …………………………………………………………………………………………………….

  …………………………………………………………………………………………………….

  …………………………………………………………………………………………………….

  Thanking you,

   Yours faithfully

  Profile  writing

Given below is a profile of Dr.Shreeraksha, write a paragraph using the clues given below.

Age                           :      25 years

Qualification           :      M.B.B.S

Designation             :      Head of the Department(medicine)

Place of Work          :      Shree Renuka hospital .Yadgir

Length of service     :      5 years 

Popularity                :     liked by patient, poor care ,less fees,always  cheerful

Ans    :  Dr.Shreeraksha is 25 years old. She has M.B.B.S qualification , her designation is a head of the department in Shree Renuka hospital in Yadgir . she has been working for five years . she is very famous because she takes much care about poor  people as well as always cheerful with patients . her fees is also very less . totally she is  liked by all patients in the city

                                   OR

Write a paragraph using the clues given below. You may add some points if necessary.

 A crow- thirsty- not found water- saw a pot- sat on it – water went down

Thought  for a minute- puts some stones in it- water came up- drank – flew away 

Ans : There  was a crow lived in the village . It was very thirsty but there was not found water near  by .it came by flying . then it saw a huge pot, .happily it sat on it. But water went down ,it thought for few minute  and took some stones  and put them in the pot one by one . then water came up.

Drinking the water it flew  away

                                      Reference

I. Dictionary work : 

 Arrange the following words as they are in dictionary

1. Cat, create, cream, crime , crane, came.

2. Team , teach, tear, tiger, tame, time, tide.

3. Insect, insure, insult, insert, inspect,

4. Chart, chant, chat, chalk, chair, channel.

5. Name , near, nature, neuter, neat.

Ans  .1. Came, cat, crane ,cream, create, crime.

2.Tame, teach, team, tear, tide, tiger, time.

3.Insect,insert, inspect, insult, insure.

4.Chair,chalk,channel, chant, chart, chat.

5.Name, nature, near, neat, neuter.

II. Reference source :

1. Dictionary      : meanings, opposites, pronunciation, spelling, otheforms,

2. Atlas                : continents, latitudes, rivers, peaks, valleys,  seas, etc.

3. Thesaurus       : synonyms of the words and phrases.

4. Encyclopedia : basic information on any subject.

5. News papers  : headlines of sports, politics, events, etc

Examples : 1. The synonym of the word ‘brave’ ……..(thesaurus)

                     2. To know the spellings of the word ‘neighbour’…(dictionary)

                     3. “5 people were killed” the headline is found…(Newspaper)

                     4. To know about ‘hydrogen bomb’, we refer…(encyclopedia)

                     5. how to know Yadgir district in karnataka map..(Atlas).

  III. Sms  Coding and Decoding

S. yes Dt .that wrk- work Pipl.people Bk.back

Y.why Dats . thatis Std- standard %.percentage Jst.just

R.are Gt .got 2day-today Gud.good 1s.once

U.you Tst .test b/w.between Wud.would B4.before

2.two Wt ..what Gn.goodnight Tnks.thanks Skul.school

D.the 4- for Gm.goodmorning Wel. Well Hw.how

V . we Bcz.because Satdy.Saturday Cum.come 2nite.tonight

N . and Wr .where 2moro.tomorrow Evng.evening L8r.later

C .see Hu.who Msg.message Swt.sweet Aftr. After

8. ate H8. Hate Plz.please Drms.dreams Sry.sorry

                                 Grammar 

 I . Question tags:

If the sentence is affirmative, tag will be negative.

If the sentence is negative, tag will be affirmative.

Barely, hardly, scarcely, seldom, nothing, none, no, nobody, etc are negative words.     

If there is no helping verb, do or does or did is used.

Examples. . She speaks English,…….? (doesn’t  she)

Shruti is working well……………...?(isn’t she )

Ravi  hardly comes to school………? (does he )

My father did not write it………….? (did he )

I am a doctor in this hospital……….? (aren’t I )

Ramesh talked rarely with us……...? (did he )

Raju and Ramu  have got the books….?( haven’t they )

I have a pen ………..?         ( don’t I )

We are all teachers ……?  (aren’t we )

They told me a story…..? (didn’t  they ) 

 II. Passive voice

Active voice : sub/mv /obj.

Passive voice:  obj /is, was, are, were, am /v3/by /sub

A.v  : sub /is, was, are, were, am/v1ng/obj.

P. V : obj /is, was, are, were, am/being/v3/by/obj

A.V  : sub /has, have, had/v3/obj.

P.V  : obj/has, have, had/been/v3/by/sub.

A.V : sub/will, shall, may, can, etc/v1/obj

P.V  : obj /will, would, can, etc/be/v3/by/sub

   Examples :  A.V :  Radha told a story

                          P.V : A story was told by Radha

A.v  : I am purchasing a new watch

P.v.   : A new watch is being purchased by me 

A.v   : Smita had brought a book 

P.v    : A book had been brought by smita

A.v   : She will write a letter.

P.v    : A letter will be written by her

A.v   : He did not teach a poem 

P.v    : A poem was noy taught by him.

A.v   : Swami can tell a word 

P.v   : a word can be told by Swami 

  III.    Framing  Questions

Wh question : wh word/hv /sub/mv/ei/?/.

Exceptionally : (who or what or which )/mv / ei/?.( Note :rarely) 

: (howmany or how much)/noun/hv/sub/mv/ei/?.

Examples : Ramesh went to school  (Where did Ramesh go ?)

Shahajan built Tajmahal in the memory of his wife.

              ( what did Shahajan build in the memory of his wife? )

Mahatma Gandhi was born on October 2.

     (when was Mahatma Gandhi born ?)

My friend had given  this pen.

     (Who had given this pen ?).

    IV. Direct and Indirect  Speech

Tenses changes: simple present  + simple past

Present continuous + past continuous 

Present perfect + past perfect

Present perfect continuous + past perfect continuous 

Simple past + past perfect 

Past continuous + past perfect continuous 

Past perfect and past perfect continuous + no change

Words changes : this – that, these – those ,now – then ,thus – so, hence-                thence, here – there,  can – could, may – might , will – would, shall – would or should, today- that day, tomorrow – the next day, yesterday- the previous day, etc

Examples In Assertive Sentences.

Ravi said to  me ,” I will go to school tomorrow “.

Ans : Ravi told to me that he would go to school the next day.

Swami said ,”father , I sleep in this room today “.

         Ans : swami told to his father that he slept in that room that day.

Examples   In Interrogative Sentences

Anant said to his sister ,”where did you yesterday ?”.

Ans . Anant  asked to his sister where she had gone the day before.

Swami said ,” Did you say to sleep in this hall ,father ?”.

Ans : swami asked his father if he had said to sleep in that hall

Examples In Imperative Sentences

Radha said to me ,” please, come here to take this “.

Ans : Radha requested to me to come there to take that 

Mahesh said to him ,”will you please  help me to lift this?”.

Mahesh requested him to help him to lift that .

Examples  In Exclamatory  Sentences

Shivu  said ,”what a beautiful flower it is !”.

Ans : shivu exclaimed with surprise that it was very beautiful flower.

Read the following conversation and rewrite into reported speech. 

        Shree       :  hi!  How are you, Pratiksha?

        Pratiksha:  I’m fine . thank you, you?

        Shree: fine , thanks ,Pratiksha , will you please help me to read this?.

        Pratiksha : I will surely help you.

        Shree and Pratiksha greeted each other. Shree requested Pratiksha…

         ……………………………….. Pratiksha  replied …………………….

         …………………………                                                                                       

        Ans :      

Shree requested Pratiksha to help her to read that.

Pratiksha  replied that she would surely help her.

Mohan : hi ! how are you ?

Kiran   : I am fine, you ?.

Mohan : I am also fine, did you meet your brother  yesterday ?.

Kiran   : Yes, I met  him, but I did not talk to him much time.

   

        Mohan and Kiran greeted each others. Mohan asked Kiran……………

        ……. ……………………………………. Kiran replied……………………..

      

         Ans :

Mohan asked Kiran if he had met his brother the previous day

Kiran replied that he had met him, but he had not talked to him much time

Articles :

          Definite article : ‘The’

          In definite articles : ‘A’ and ‘An’

The : article ‘the ‘ is used to show or determine any particular person or thing 

Uses : 1) it is used before a river, seas, ocean etc. eg: the Ganga 

             2) it is used before singular noun . eg: the cat family has whiskers 

             3) it used before holy books . eg : the Bible 

             4) it used before unique in the kind . eg : the sun , the president 

              Etc …….

A : a and an are used to show as noun that is not particular 

*      ‘A’ is used before the consonant sound . eg; a case , a book etc 

 Note ; 1)before a word with consonant sound like ‘yu’ though starts with  a vowel. Eg, a university, a european, a use, a uniform etc  

            2) Before consonant sound of ‘ w’ though it starts with a vowel . eg ; a one rupee, a one legged 

  

    *    An is used before the vowel sound. Eg ; an egg , an umbella etc 

 Note ; 1) before the silent letter ‘h’. eg; an hour , an heir , an honest 

              2) before individual letter spoken with  vowel sound . eg; an M.L.A. , anS.C , an M.A. etc